蜂胶治疗颈动脉斑块的系统评价与Meta分析:动物模型与临床研究

摘要:目的 探讨蜂胶在颈动脉斑块治疗中的研究证据。方法 检索医学数据库的相关文献，进行系统评价及Meta分析。结果 8项动物模型研究证实，蜂胶对动脉粥样硬化具有保护作用，可显著减小斑块面积、减轻病理改变。21项人体临床研究Meta分析显示，蜂胶对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇可能有轻度提升，并降低甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总胆固醇水平。4项研究表明，蜂胶可显著降低超敏C反应蛋白水平。结论 现有动物及临床证据提示，蜂胶可调节血脂、抑制炎症反应、减少斑块面积，对颈动脉粥样硬化及斑块具有一定治疗效果。但目前针对蜂胶抗颈动脉斑块的临床研究偏少，仍需开展更多高质量随机对照试验，以明确其应用潜力与确切疗效。

关键词:蜂胶;颈动脉斑块;Meta分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the research evidence of propolis in the treatment of carotid plaque. Methods M&kcal databases wereetrieved, and a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on relevantstudies. Results Eight animal model studies confirmed that propoliscxcrted a protective effect against atherosclerosis, significanly reducing plaque area and alleviating pathological changes. Meta-analysis of 21 humandlinical studies showed that propolis increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased triglyceride, Jow-density lipoprotein cholesterol.and total cholesterol levels Four studies indicated that propolis significanty reduced the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conclusion Existing animal and clinical evidence suggest that propolis can regulate blood lipids, inhibit inflammatory responses, and reduce plaquc arca, thusxerting a certain therapeutic effect on carotid atherosclerosis and plaque. However, high-quality clinical studies specifically targcting the anti-carotidplaque effect of propolis are still insuficient. More high-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to clarify its application potential anddefinite efficacy.

Key words: propolis; Carotid Plaque; meta-analysis